Source Library · SRC-V99-128 · Declassified CIA record (STAR GATE collection)
Perceptual Augmentation Techniques, Part One: Technical Proposal (SRI ISH 73-146), CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
H. E. Puthoff and R. Targ, Stanford Research Institute; released by CIA · 1973-10-01
Perceptual Augmentation Techniques, Part One: Technical Proposal (SRI ISH 73-146), CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 · 58 pages · PDF 2.0 MB
US federal government record (CIA reading room, declassified; archive.org mirror of the reading-room PDF). Public domain; hosted here so it can be read and searched. Original source ↗
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Release 2001103107 Proposal for Research SRI No. 73-146 : CIA-RDP96-00787RÖ00700100001-5 1 October 1973 q•7/S--73 o,RD PERCEPTUAL AUGILENTATION TECIIN IQUES Part One——Technica1 Proposal Prepared by: Harold E. Puthoff Senior Research Engineer Russell Targ Senior Research Physi.cist Approved: Earle D. Jones, Dire Electronics 43 Bonnar Cox Info rrna t ion and Bioengineering Laboratory 4 Executive Director Science and Engineering Division Copy No. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. . LIST OF TABLES 1 11 111 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 1. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 INTRODUCTION . BACKGROUND . Exploratory Research in Remote Viewing 2. Global Targets——Training Mode Demonst rat lity Tests: Double- Client—Supplied Coordinates Blind B. c. EEG Experiments. Remote Perception of Graphic Material. PROPOSED PROGRAM. B. c. D. Obj ective. . Techni cal Statement Reporting QUALIFICATIONS App roach of Work. . Schedule OF STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE iii 1 3 3 3 6 18 23 40 40 40 41 42 43
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1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 1 IONS Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Training Results (Swann) . Ila p Map Map Map Map Alap No . No . of No . No. No. 1 of 2 of Urals 1 of 2 of West Virginia Site West Virginia Site Site (Price) (Swann) (Detail——Swann) Kerguelen Island Site Kerguelen Island Site Kerguelen Island Site Occipital EEG Frequency Spec tra, O Jean Mayo, Receiver Occipital EEG Frequency Spectra, O Hella llammid, Receiver. (Swann) . (Price) . to 25 Tlz, to 25 llz, of of Shielded Target Target Ta rget Target Target Target Target Target Target 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Room Used for EEG Measurements (Firecracker) and Geller's Responses (Grapes) and Gellert s Response (Devil) and Geller's Responses (Solar System) and Gellert s Response (Camel) and Gellert s Response. . (Golden Gate Bridge) and Geller's Response (Seagull Flying) and Geller's Response (Kite on CRT Display) and Geller's Response. . (Church, Stored in Memory of Text—Edi ting 4 8 9 12 14 15 17 21 22 24 25 27 28 31 33 34 35 36 37 Computer) and Geller's Response Target 10 (Arrou• Through Heart, Stored in Computer Graphics Program) and Geller's Responses. iii
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 TABLE Results of Global Targets Training--Run IO. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 1 1 NTRODUC'I'ION Stanford Research Institute proposes to undertake a one—year research program to investigate, and develop techniques . to enhance, human percep— tual abilities. The perceptual abilities that we have been investigating for the past year are sometimes considered paranormal phenomena. However, our recent work leads us to consider them as, to a greater or lesser extent, latent in all people. The phenomena we have investigated most exten— sively pertain to the ability of certain individuals to view with great clarity distant scenes not presented to any known perceptual sense. In addition, we have performed more modest experiments with unselected sub— jects who have been found to exhibit direct physiological (EEG) evidence of perception of remote happenings. Our accumulated data make it appear that both gifted and ordinary pe rsons can be assis ted in developing remote perceptual abilities up to a level dictated by their individual potentialities. The purpose of the proposed i"esearch is to investigate the physical and psychological variables underlying these phenontena so that we may gain a greater understanding of this ability and a more corn— plete grasp of its limits and applicability. Section II of this proposal provides background material, detailing the evidence pertaining to remote viewing and other nonregular percep— tual abilities. In this section we describe: • Experiments with two gifted individuals who took part in double-blind experiments to perceive scenes at intercon— tinental distances. Brain wave experiments in which ordinary (not specially selected) subjects were asked to perceive whether or not a remote light was flashing——the EEG data from several of these subjects indicates objectively that they did perceive the presence of the light, even if only at a noncognitive level of their consciousness. This proposal has been prepared at the request of the client. 1
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: CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 jn te perception experiments wi th Mr. Uri Geller, in whi ch he, xvllile located in an elec— trically shielclecl room, was able to reproduce target pictu res drawn for the occasion at various SRI locat.ions . Section III describes the proposed p rot-ram and presents a detailed 'ivork statement, along wi th the major program Jnilestones. Section IV outlines the experience, facilities, and personnel of Stan forcl Research Institute, and its Electronics ancl Bioengineering Laboratory that are available to contribute to the successful cornpletion of this work . A separate Part Two of this proposal covers contractual matters and costs. 2 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 1. 11 BACKGROUND Exploratory Research in Remote Viewing As a result of experimentation carried out in an eight—month program to investigate the abilities of a gifted subject, Ingo Swann, Swann ex— pressed the opinion that the insights obtained had strengthened an ability that has been researched before he joined the SRI program; namely, the To test Swann's assertion, SRI re— ability to view remote locations. searchers set up a series of experimental protocols on a gradient scale of increasing difficulty. The first step toward the proof that such an ability might exist in principle was completed in our laboratory in a series of experiments with another subject in which target pictures were successfully received where the subject was separated from the target material either by an electrically isolated shielded room or by the isolation provided by East—coast/ West—coast distances. These data are presented in Part C of this section. Global Targets——Training Mode For the first experiment, considered to be a training mode, 100 targets on the earth's surface (ten per day for ten days) were chosen at random, often by different experimenters. For each ten—trial session, the experiment would begin with the subject (Swann) being given a target location by latitude and longitude only, for which he had to provide an Following his response, some brief immediate response of what he saw. indication was given as to whether any correspondence existed between his description and the target location. The next coordinate was then given until all ten coordinates were exhausted. A run of ten coordinates was always completed in less than 30 minutes. The results obtained during the training mode are summarized in Figure 1, where a least—squares fit to the data is shown by the solid Details for the final run (Run IO) are shown in Table I. 1 ines . The second coordinate in Run 10 (Table 1) affords a surprising example of precision that sometimes occurred. The experimenter chose 3 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 10 out of 10 trials/run LESSER CORRESPONDENCES/ RUN out of 10 trials/run MISSES/RUN out of 10 trials/ run FIGURE 1 6 4 2 4 RUN NUMBER TRAINING RESULTS (SWANN) 10 SA-2613-1 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Table 1 RESULTS OE GIDBAL TARGETS TRAINING--RUN 10 Ta rrret 45 ON 150 Ow (ocean) 20S OE (eastern shore, Lake Victoria, Africa) 550 N 150 OE (Sea of Okhotsk) 64 ON 19 Ow (20 miles ENE of Ilekla volcano, Iceland) 55 ON 130 OE Union) (Soviet 60 '.X 90 Ow Bay) (Hud son 600 N 91 OE (Soviet Union) 30 0s 00 (ocean) 42 ON 1050 (Gobi) 28 0S 137 OE Response Ocean, beauti ful blue—green waves, sun sh ining, ship toward north landing Sense of speeding over water, Lake to west, high elevation on land. Not many trees, pa tches of snow, I think It Volcano to southwest. marsh? m over ocean . Wind blowing there, wires. Land, flat Cold. Open water, stands night, telephone place with fields; of pine City, cast, Ocean snow on ground, city factory to south. Atlantic, deep blue to north. to north— water. Mounta ins Islands, Land mass to east, west. Eva luat .ion 11 11 11 (Lake Eyre, Australia) An open sea, night. if it; good description of area in near vicinity of target. some possibility of correspondence. clear lack of correspondence. 5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 However, Swann insisted that the coord ina te, when given, turned Africa. Subsequent checking on a picture of land to the right of a large lake. wi th a cletailed map of the region indicated that his perception had been correct. We must, of course, point out that the results of such a train— ing mode can be taken as indicative only, since even under the carefully controlled experimental conditions in force, An individual coulcl——in principle--—obtain good results on the basis of eidetic memory. Given the hypothesis of extraordinary functioning an individual could—in the data subliminally from an experimenter who knows the target location. Therefore, the rapid global targets training mode was followed up with a series of global targets supplied by Stanford Research Institute personnel on a double—blind basis in which detail was obtained on build— ings, roads, bridges, and the like. The results were sufficiently ac— curate to lead us to propose the client—controlled demonstration—of— ability tests described in the following paragraphs. The final evaluation rests on the analysis of the double—blind targets used in the concluding demonstration—of—ability tests, 2. Demonstration—of—Abi lit y Tests: Client—Supplied Coordinates Double-Blind In order to subject the remote viewing phenomena to a rigorous test under control of the client, a request for coordinates was trans— In response, SRI personnel received the first set mitted to the client. of coordinates, hereafter referred to as the a. West Virginia Site (Swann) 29 May 1973, 1634-1640, Date: Coordinates 38 023 t Protocol : given by Dr. H. E. Puthoff to initiate experiment. No maps West Virginia Site. Menlo Park, Cal i forni a 45-48'IN, 79025' oof'w subject I. Swann to were pernii t ted and the subject was asked to give an immediate response. The session was recorded on video tape. 6 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 There This seems to be some sort of Inounds or rolling hills. is a city to the no rth (I can see the taller builclings and some smog). This seems to be a strange place, somewhat like the lawns that one would find around a military base, but I get the impression that there are either some old bunkers arouncl, or maybe this is a covered reservoir. There must be a flagpole, some highways to the west, possibly a river over to the far east, to the south more city. The map of Figure 2 was drawn. On the following morning, Swann submitted a wri t ten re— port of a second reading, dated 30 May 1973, 0735—0758, Mountain View, Cal i forn i a. Cliffs to the east, fence to the north. There's a circular building (a tower?) , buildings to the south. Is this a former Nike base or something like that? This is about as far as I could go without feedback, and perhaps guidance as to what was wanted. There is something strange about this area, but since I don't know particularly what to look for within the scope of the cloudy ability, it is extremely difficult to make decisions Imagination seems to get In on what is there and what 'is not. (For example, I seem to get the impression of some— the way. thing underground, but I fm not sure.) However, it is apparent that on first sighting the general location was correctly Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 spotted. The map of Figure 3 b. West As a subject (Price) who was drawn. Vi rginia Site (Price back—up test, the coordinates were given to a second appears to possess similar ability in casual testing. The task was presented to the second subject independently of the first, both to prevent collaboration and to prevent any sense of competition. 1 June 1973, 1700, Menlo Park, Date: Coordinates 38 023 t 45—48' 'N, Protocol: given by Dr. II. E. Puthoff to subject telephone to initiate experiment. 7 California 79025' oo"w Price by
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Tow n FIGURE 2 MAP NO. I OF WEST VIRGINIA SITE (SWANN) 8 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 So bet FIGURE 3 MAP NO. 2 OF WEST VIRGINIA SITE (DETAIL—SWANN) Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved i te1 response (clated 2 June 1973, 1250—1350, Lake Tahoe, California) was received in the mail. Looked at general area from alti tude of about 1500' above highest terrain. On my left forward quaclrant is a peak in a chain of mountains, eleva tion approxilnately '1996' above sca level. Slopes are greyish slate covered with variety of broad leaf trees, vines, shrubbery, and undergrow th I am facing about 30—50 west of north. Looking clown the mountain to the right (east) side is a roadway. freeway country style——curves around base of mountain from S — ' . — swings north for a few miles, then heads E.N.E. to a fairly large city about 30—40 miles dis— tant. This area was a battleground in civil war—-low rolling hills, creeks, few lakes or reservoirs, There is a smaller town a little S.E. about 15—20 miles distant with small settle— men t s, village type, very rural, scattered around. Looking across the peak, 2500—3000 t mountains stretch out for a hundred or so miles. Area is essentially wooded. Some of the westerly slopes are eroded and gully washed——looks like strip mining, coal mainly. Weather at this time is cloud v, rainy. Temperature at my alti— tude about 540 -—high cumulo nimbus clouds to about 25, OOO— 30,000'. Clear area, but turbulent, between that level and some cirro stratus at 46,000' . Air mass in that strip moving W.N.W. to S.E. 1318 - Perceived that peak area has large underground storage Road comes up back side of mountains (west slopes), areas. fairly well concealed, looks deliberately so. It's cut under trees where possible——would be very hard to detect flying over area. Looks like former missile site——bases for launchers still there, but area now houses record storage area, microfilm, file cabinets; as you go into underground area through aluminum rolled up doors, first areas filled with records, etc. Rooms about 100 T long, 40t wide, 20' ceilings with concrete supporting pilasters, flare—shaped. Temperature cool——fluorescent lighted. Personnel, Army 5th Corps Engineers. M/ Sgt. Long on desk plac— ard on grey steel desk——file cabinets security t ion locks, steel rods through eye bolts. Beyond these rooms, heading east, are several bays wi th computers, communication equipment, large maps, display type, overlays . Personnel, Army Signal Corps. Elevators. 10 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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for other significances: see wa rrn air mass moving i. n from S.W. lid ing with cool air mass about 1 QO miles E.S. col from my Air is very turbulent--tornaclo typo ; viewpoint. birds in my area seeking heavy cover. There is a fairly large river that I can see about 15-20 miles north and slightly west; runs N. E. ; then curves in wide valley running S.W. to N F river then runs Area to east, low rolling hills. Quite a fow Civil War S.E. A marble colonnade type: In this area was fought monuments. the battle of Lynchburg where many brave of the Union and Con feclerate A vmys (sic) fell. We dedicate this area to all peace loving people of the ters G.A.R. " On a later date Price was asked to return to the West Virginia site with the goal of obtaining codeword information, if pos— In response, Price supplied thc following sible. information: Top of desk had papers labeled: Flytrap Mi nerva File cabinet on north wall labeled: Release 2091103107 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 o t•tgxna location again— 400 over genera aroa 1 igh t ning about 30 n', iles no r th along moun— val leys quite hazy, c. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 it's about "18 ta in ridge. 'i' enlporature drop about G Looking Operation Pool — (2nd word unreadable) Folders inside cabinet labeled: Cueball 1/1 Ball Ball 8 Ball Rackup Name of site vaguely seems like Hayfork or Mays tack. col. R. J. Hamilton Ila j. Gen. George R. Nash Major John C. Calhoun?? Urals Site (Price) Personnel : After obtaining a reading on the West Vi rginia site, Price volun teered that he scanned the other side of tho globe for a Bloc equiv— and found one in the Urals at G5 000' 57' 'N, 59059' 59' E, described a lent, as fol lours. Elevation, 6200' . h ummocks, Scrubby brush, tund ra type grou nd rocky outcroppi ngs, mountains wi th 11 Facing fairly steep slopes.
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 north, about 60 rniles ground slopes to marshland . .110un tai n chain runs off to right about 35 east of north. Pac: ing sou th, moun tains run fairly north and sou th . Facing west, tains drop down to foo thi Ils for (50 lili les or so; sotne rivers runn ing roughly north . Facing east niountains are ra ther abrupt, dropping to rolling hills and to flat land . Area site under— ground, reinforcecl concrete, doorways of steel of the roll—up Unusually high ratio of xvomen to men, at least at night . type . I see some helipads, concrete. Light rail tracks run from pads to another get of rails that parallel the doors into the mountain (see Figure 4) . 'L'hirty miles north (5 west of north) of the site is a radar installation wi th one large (165') dish and two small fast—track clishes. The above reports were sublilitted to the client for evalua— t ion. A second set of coordinates was requested and obtained, hereafter referred to as the Kerguelen Island Site. Hel i pads Rails z z'zz7 zzzz MOUNTAIN FACE FIGURE 4 MAP OF URALS SITE (PRICE) 12 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approypd • CIA-ßDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Date: 21 July 1973, 1708-1730, Menlo Park, California Pro tocol: Coordinates '19020 t s, 7001'l'E given by Dr. P u t hoff to subject I. Swann to ini t.i ate experi— Inen t . No maps were perzni t tecl and thc subj ect was asked to give an immediate response. The session was recorded on video tape. Swann response: My ini tial response i.s that it's an island, maybe a mountain sticking up th rough a cloud cover. (Experimenter checks, gives positive feedback.) Terrain seems rocky. Must be some sort of small plants growing there . Cloud bank to the west. Very cold. I see some buildings rather mathematically laid out. One of them is orange. There is something 1 ike a radar antenna, a round disc. (Subject draws map during report.) T xvo white cy— 1 indri cal tanks, quite large. To the northwest a small airstrip, M•'ind is blowing. Must be two or three trucks in front of build— ing Behind, is that an outhouse? There's not much there. That's all, I think, for now. Swann submits map, Figure 5. On the following day, 1152—1215, the identical protocol was followed for a second reading. Again, no maps were permitted. During this reading, Swann described following the coastline of the island, drawing segments on 8—1/2" 11" pieces of paper as he went, resulting in Figure 6 when the pieces were assembled. It's not completely dark there, sort of orangish light. If I look to the west, hills; to the north flatlands and, I think, airstrip and ocean in the distance; to the east, rolling bumpy grasslands with bumps; to the south is — — I can't see anything to the south. I move north to the coastline and follow it around . That's point A (begins to draw map) . Point B, rocks sticking up out of the ocean, breakers on them. Point C, little clus ter of buildings with wharf, boats. Point D, jutty of land sticking out. Point F is sand basin, river coming th rough, Lettering out of order. 13 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Point 17, , brush of small trees. This is fun lots of birds. (laughs), first tinie I've ever done this. (Fol lowing E) almost a straight coastline, cuts in rocks, beach . Then curves back. Area G is I see to northwest a mountain rising, snow on top. irregular. Point is a high cliff, Point I is Point J has big breakers, K is a bay, L is area day (circles area, draws airs trip and buildings to previous map) . That will do for today. May (on tip?) . I lacked courage going around Point Kerguelen Island Site (Price) 20 July 1973, 1400, Menlo Park, Date: Coordinates 490 20'S, 70014t Protocol : a promontory. I drew yester— for orientation be a lighthouse G. California E given by Dr. II. E. Puthoff to subj ect Price by telephone to initiate experiment . Price Response: On the morning of 21 July 1973 Price's written response (dated 20 July 1973, 2055—2232, Santa Clara, California) was received (hand carried) . Picked 15,000' altitude. Looking south, 40 east of south, see a Gite located on a cliff about 200t high above the ocean. In— stall at ion is a cluster of buildings and radar tracking station (see Figure 7) . Raclar is a segment concave type circular dish type. Building #1 is the largest, facing NIN, two stories plus basement. Build ings 75 t —100' east of main building, also two stories Building #2 has recreation and dining facilities, contains 1 i ving quarters. Building -+4 is a shop rather than L-shaped, front ± 2 and about plus basement. building #3 and main tenance Buildings are all interconnected on the ground floor. area. I see a dock area at the base of the cliff, and 1/4 to 1/2 mile from the buildings is an airstrip. The installation has four functions: 1) 2) 3) 4) Tracking (space) Meteorological station Moni tori ng equ ipment for radiat ion readings Radio relay station. I see a couple of other radar installations covered by geodesic domes. There are two small tracking radars interlinked with main radar. 16 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 caa4 RADA* FIGURE 7 MAP NO. 3 OF KERGUELEN ISLAND SITE (PRICE) Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03107 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 I had the impression that the peysonnel (mili tary ancl civilian) were French, but since I could unders t ancl what was being said I assume personnel are American. f. Analysis of Results Cl ient Coordinates) The results obtainecl with the double—blind client coordi— (See attached nates have been evaluated separately by the client. supp lement . ) As an additional con trol with regard to the experimental protocol, SRI personnel have not been informed before, during, or after— warcl of any details of the target series parameters, including the hit— miss profile. Ilowever, SRI personnel have been informed that in each experiment there have been at least some categories of information in which the data exceed any possible bounds of coincidental correlation, and exceed any possible bounds of acquisition by known means . It has also been reported that some of the data possi bly constitute noise in the signal, but it has usually been difficult to negate totally any information given by the subjects. Therefore, we conclude from this portion of the study that: B. • A channel exists whereby information about a remote location can be obtained in the manner described. As with all biological systems the infor.mation channel appears to be imperfect, con taining some noise along with the signal. While a signal—to—noise ratio cannot as yet be determined by SRI personnel with regard to client-- controlled targets, a semiquantitative signal—to— noise ratio might be determined with additional experimental effort. EEG Experiments One premise underlying our investigation is that paranorjnal func— t ion ing is distribu ted throughout the population in much the same manner as every other ability, and indeed in much the same way as intelligence 18 Approved For Release 2001/03107 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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is distributed .
We Curt her conjecture that it is partially the world
v i cuv of the times in xvhich wc Iivo that prevents paranormal ability
fro:n su r facing to a greater extent.
Ou r EEG progranl \vas initiated in an e ('fort to deter:nine whether
object ive ph.vsiological Jneasures of paranormal functioning exist and
to relieve the subject from the burden of having to demonstrate voli—
tionally any sort of paranormal functioning. We in forni our subjects
that a light is to be flashecl from time to time in a (list ant room, and
if they perceive that light it may be evident from changes in their EEG
This oxperilnont tests the hypothesis that perception may take
ou t put.
place and be measurable at noncognitive levels of consciousness, even
though not easily expressed verbally.
In our work wi th four female volunteer subjects, v.'e have found
evidence in three of their EEG spectra that they are influenced by the
remote stirnulus .
Thu.s it appears from this explora tory \vork that we
have a repeatable perception experilnent that yields significant resul ts
even with unselected subjects.
The experimental protocol for thc experiment is as follows: A
subject is sea tod in a shielded EEG monitoring room in the Life Sciences
Building of SRI. A friend of the subject is seated in a remote room
with the stimulus generator, in this case a strobe light.
The EEG out-
put is recorded from the vertexes and occiputs (regions of the brain)
simul taneously from both participants.
On each trial,
a tone burst
precedes by one second a ten—second train of flashes presented to one
of the .subjects designated as the sender,
The subject who does not
see the flashes is designated the receiver;
this su bj ect also hears the
warning signal. This signal evokes a contingent negative variation (CNV)
in each of the subjects as they anticipate the occu rrence of the flashes.
Thirty-six such trials are given, each consisting of 12 null trials,
i.e.,
O flashes/ second, 12 6—11z flashes,
and 12 16—11 z flashes intermixed
in a random orcler.
Each of the 36 trials consists of a ten—second EEG
epoch .
The EEG data are recorded on magnetic tape and digitized. The
12 data blocks associated with the O, 6, and 16 JIZ trials are averaged.
A spectral analysis is then performed on the average.
This analysis has given two types of results.
In two subjects we
have evidence of actual modulation of the EEG output at the flash f re—
The other (more consistent) observation is that the dominant
quency .
alpha production of the resting subjects is pulled to higher frequencies
during the G— and IG-Hz trials as compared with the O flashes/ second
trials.
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Approved For 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 In summary, the receiver subj ect knows whon a trial period is beginning but does not know whether the light will be flashed nor what the flash frequency will be . However, f roni the accumulatecl EEG clata, we tentatively conclude that there is evidence strongly suggesting that hutnan subjects can directly——even though noncognitive ly——perceive remote stimuli not presented to any known perceptual sense, ancl tho perception event can be recorded by an objective process. Figure 8 shows the averaged EEG for a subject attempting to perceive In this case the twelve averaged trials are for the the remote stimulus. G— and 16—fIz light. The spectrum indicates a significant (p 0.05) in- crease in the 16—Hz component during the 16—11z period. Figure 9 (a) shows an overlay of the three averaged spectra for a Figure 9 (b) shows the difference spectrum where the different subject. O trials data are electrically subtracted from the 6-11z data. This difference curve shows a clear frequency shift in the dominant component of the subject's alpha (9—11 Hz) production. Of our four subjects, this subject had by far the most monochromatic EEG spectrum . Again the f re— quency shift obtained from comparing the stimulus versus nonstimulus trials was significant at the p 0.05 level for the 6—Hz case and at — 0.005 level for the 16—11z case. the p A second important use of the EEG technique is to allow a deter— mi nation to be made of what confidence level to place on what a subject reports that he is perceiving during the course of his remote viewing experienee Subjects taking part in these EEG experiments are asked to indicate their conscious feelings, on a trial-by—trial basis, as to which stimulus is being generated. They make their guess known to the experimenter via one—way telegraphic communication. An . analysis of these guesses has shown a •correlation between the correct calls and certain characteristic changes in EEG output. These changes vary from subject to subject but appear to be constant for any one subj ect. Having observed this apparent correlation in exploratory work, it is important to continue this study further to determine its constancy. In experiments with Swann, the correlation took the form of a de— crease in monochromaticity of his alpha production when his verbal re— sponses to a stimulus condition were correct. (In this experiment Swann was asked to determine whether a remote helium-neon laser was on or off.) In the course of this experiment there was thus an apparent correlation between the accuracy of his perception and his EEG procluc t ion, even though his overall task performance in this particular experiment did not differ significantly from chance expectation. 20 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 (a) SENDER STIMULATED WITH 6-Hz FLASHES Zo FIGURE 8 (b) SENDER STIMULATED WITH 16-Hz FLASHES OCCIPITAL EEG FREQUENCY SPECTRA, O TO 25 Hz, OF JEAN MAYO, RECEIVER 21 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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(a) THREE CASES FIGURE 9 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 —o —G 16 20 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 —o-t 6-, AND 16-Hz FLASHES (12-TRIAL AVERAGE) (b) DIFFERENCE SPECTRA—6-Hz MINUS O-Hz OCCIPITAL EEG FREQUENCY SPECTRA, O TO 25 Hz, OF HELLA HAMMID, RECEIVER
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c. • CIA-RD?96-00787R000700100001-5 the itinerican L ociety ['or Psychical Research, Dr . Karli s Osis has repot' tod that when Swann attempted to reproduce pictorially the contents of a hidden con tainer, his EEG out- put Ivoulcl consistently shift from lower to higher frequencies. Swann was high ly ouccessful (eight out of eight) in this series of percep t ion experiments. It therefore appears that monitoring of the EEG may prove to be a good indicator as to the measure of confidence that should be placed in a subject's report about his perception of a remote scene. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Remote Perception of Graphic 'Material The objective of this group of experimental sessions was to inves— tigate the apparent paranormal perception ability of gifted subject Uri Geller under carefully controlled conditions with the goal of under— standing the physical and psychological variables underlying such ability. On each day of an eight—day experimental period, picture drawing experiments were carried out. In these experiments, Geller was separated from the target material either by an electrically isolated, shielded room or by the isolation provided by having the targets drawn on the East Coast. As a result of Geller's success in this experimental period, we consider that he has demonstrated his paranormal perceptual ability in a convincing and unambiguous manner. Saturday, 4 August——Two drawing experiments were conducted this day . In both of these, Geller was closeted in an opaque, acoustically and electrically shielded room. This room is the double—walled shielded room used for EEG research in the Life Sciences Division of SRI. It is locked by means of an inner and outer door, each of which is secured with a refrigerator—type locking mechanism, as shown in Figure IO. The two drawings used in this experiment were selected by randomly opening a large college dictionary and selecting the first word that could reasonably be drawn. The first word obtained in this manner was fuse and the object drawn was firecracker [Figure- 11 (a)]. All target selection and picture drawing was done M.'ith Geller already in the shielded Geller was notified via intercom when the target picture was drawn room . and taped to the wall outside his enclosure. Ile was continuously mon i— tored by a one—way audio circuit. 23
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 10 SHIELDED ROOM USED FOR EEG EXPERIMENTS 24
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 (a) TARGET (b) RESPONSE 1 (c) RESPONSE 2 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 11 TARGET 1 (FIRECRACKER) AND GELLER'S RESPONSES 25
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One is led to speculate that the Biblical representation in these three draxvings is perhaps associational material triggered by the target. The inability on Geller's part to draw the devil may be culturally induced. 26 Aeprpyeq : CIA-tPP9F-00787,R000700100001-5 lat le s a xv a cylinder with noise comincr out of it. flis d rawing rep resenting his re spon.se to the target was a drum, along wi th a number of other cylind rical—looking objects [Figures 11 (b) and 11 (c)). 'l'he second word selected was bunch, and the target was a bunch Geller' s imnecliate response was that he saut of grapes. drops of water coming out of the picture. ile then talked about purple circles. Finally, he said that he was quite sure that he had the picture. Ili s drawing was incleed a bunch of grapes. Both the target picture and Gellert s rendition had 2'1 grapes in the bunch (Figure 12) . In this work the target picture is never discussed by the experi— men ters after the picture is drawn or brought near the shielded room. The intercom operates only from the inside of the room to the outside, except when the push-to-talk switch is depressed on the outside of the In our detailed examination of the shielded room and the protocol room . used in these experiments no sensory leakage has been found, nor has any defect in tho pro tocol been brought to our attent ion. Sunday, 5 August-—Ge11er is locked in the shielcled room with one experimenter outside as a monitor while the target is drawn in the other experimenter's office about a half mile away. The target selected from the dictionary was an outline drawing of a man, which evo Ived th rough the drawing process into a devil with a trident [ Figure 13 (a)). To start the experiment, Puthoff, who was wi th Geller, called Targ, who was with the drawing. Geller spent almost a half—hour working on the drawing before passing, as he felt unable to get the drawing. We in— c lude his efforts nonetheless for the insight into the process that they provide . His drawings [Figures 13 (b) —13 (d) ] were as follows: Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 i Moses' Tablets, Apple with a worm same picture, and drawing. Composite picture the world and the neatly drawn leaf. i.e., Ten Commandments. coming out of it, a snake was in the the Tablets symbolism of the first wi th the Ten Copnmandments on top of triclent on the outside, along wi th a
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Wi th rega rd to the target picture, Gel ler (lici draw the trident from tho target picture, but ho did not draw the man who was holding it. From this it seems clear that Gel ler does not s i 1211) ly copy lines from the target picture, but ra ther he apparently pe r forrns some men tal pro— cessing bc Core drawing them. The second target picture was drawn by an experimenter while he was inside the shielded room with Geller outsicle the room with another In this case the target [Figure 1 (1 (a) was a represent a— experimenter. II is ilnmecliate verbal reaction be fore drawing t ion of the solar system. Geller's drawn response to the target while outside was one of space. the room [Figu re 1/1 coincides well with tho target drawing. The block in the cen ter of Geller's picture, according to his statement, was his afterthought suggested by the movie 2001 and was drawn as an addition just before cotnparing target with response. Mondav, (5 experiment to be done this day was a pure A picture was clrawn by a scientist outside the usual clairvoyance task . experimental group . 'I'he picture was locked in the shielded room before Geller's arrival at SRI. Geller was then led by the experimenters to the shielded room, and asked to draw the picture inside the room. He drew a number of pictures, all of which he rejected as not being app.ti— Ile said that he got no clear impression and passed. cable. The target was a rabbit, and nothing Geller drew in any way resembled a rabbit. It should be added that the picture was drawn by a scientist of whom Geller is not fond, and Geller asked at the outset if this was the case. The experimenters said that this was not the case, since they did not Geller felt vindicated to some extent know who had drawn the picture. when he found out that his initial guess as to the artist had been correct. Tuesday, 7 August——This day two target pictures u•ere attempted wi th Geller in thc shielded room. Ile was connected to an EEG apparatus to allow measurement of his brain waves at the time that he was attempting to perceive a hidden picture. The two target pictures were a tree and Ile experienced difficulty, did not make a drawing that an envelope. corresponded to ei ther drawing, and passed. Also, he found it very difficult to hold adequately still to make good EEG records. The same skep tical c,xperilnen ter who drew the rabbit was the EEG opera tor on this second unsuccess ful day. 30 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/0
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Son
{a) TARGET
(b) RESPONSE
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FIGURE 14
TARGET 4 (SOLAR SYSTEM) AND GELLER'S RESPONSE
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ForRelease12001103107s: -5 thc experimen ters closed the ou ter In the first, of this clay' door of the labora tory in wh.ich thc shielded room is locat ed (in add •L— ancl worked in an adjoining room. The t ion to the inner double doors) Geller felt unsure and passed, target picture in this case was a camel . but his fi rst choice drawing was a horse (see Figure 15) . The experimenters then returned to the room outslcle the shielded rooin and clvew the second picture, which was the Golden Gate Bridge Geller inside the shielded room drew some curved lines (l" igure 16 (a)]. Ile said that he didn't with some squares underneath C Figure 16 (b)]. know what thc picture was and passed . The third picture was a flying seagull. Geller said almost imme— Ile drew several birds cliately that he saw a flying swan over a hill. and said that he was sure that his drawing was correct, which it was (Figure 17). Experiments were conducted in the shielded room for six days; good results were obtained on four of the days when there was no openly skeptical observer present . The experiments were moved to SRI's Engineering Thursday, 9 August—— Building in order to make use of the computer facilities available. After Geller was securecl in a shielded room about 150 feet down the hall and around a corner f ron the computer room and placed under continuous monitoring, a picture of a kite was drawn on the face of the TV screen Shortly after Geller was driven by the computer ts graphics program. notified that the picture had been drawn, he had the computer room called to determine if the target picture was a geometric picture or an object. who was ignorant of the target picture, By talking to an intermediary, Gellert s first drawing In this case we told him that it was an object. Ile then also drew some trian— was a square with the diagonals drawn in. His first drawi'ng was a good representation gwlar airplanes and passed. of the actual target picture (Figure 18) . Friday. 10 August--Two pictures were drawn and stored in the com— puter memory so that no visible evidence was available In the computer room after the picture was drawn . The picture was drawn and stored The first pictu re was a church . Geller's responses are shown In the in the memory of the computer . It appears that both of attached collection of drawings (Figure 19) . 32 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-O 7ROO 00100001-5 (a) TARGET (b) RESPONSE Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 15 TARGET 5 (CAMEL) AND GELLER'S RESPONSE 33
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 BRIDGE Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 16 (a) TARGET lb) RESPONSE TARGET 6 (GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE) AND GELLER'S RESPONSE 34
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 z Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 (a) TARGET Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 18 (b} RESPONSE TARGET 8 (KITE ON CRT DISPLAY) AND GELLER'S RESPONSE 36
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 FIGURE 19 •o no 39 co..' c c 32 teocoeoooeoeeco (a) TARGET (b} RESPONSE 1 (c) RESPONSE 2 TARGET 9 (CHURCH, STORED 'N MEMORY OF TEXT-EDtTfNG COMPUTER) AND GELLER'S RESPONSES 37 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 PAGE(S) MISSING Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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c. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 S ta teraent of (L) By working wi th gifted subjects (2) (3) (d) and SIRI —goner at-ed target Ina terials, SRI will measure the accuracy of remote view— ing as a function of such variables as length of viewing time, target d i. stance, and target complexity Based on the data accumulated, SRI will attempt to define the characteristics of the information channel .1n terms of bit rate, resolution, and other parameters of interest. In order to detornline the limits of the remote vlewing abili ty, both pictorial and geographic target material will be used. In order to discriminate against the possibility of an unknown experimenter/ subj ect leakage channel, for some experilnents thc client will provide geograpllical targets unknown to thc experimenters to ensure that the subject uses only a reni0te viewing channel in his determination of the nature of the target . Following a lead provided by work at •another laboratory in which a subject could identify pictorial material even if the picture was only mentally projected onto a card in a sealed envelope, SRI will study the use of pic tori al target material with a decreasing density scale from clearly visible to invisible in order to measure the accuracy of perception as a function of target density. The EEG portion of the program will be directed toward the (letennination of physiological correlates of accurate remote viewi ng . Based on previous work, SIRI will Invcs— tigate in detail the possibility that the frequency shift in thc alpha peak can be used as a measure to gauge the reliability of perception of a remote stimulus. This and other measures that may become available during the course of stucly will be made available as feedback to the subject to determine whether such information can be used to en— hance discrimination between correct viewing of a remote scene and false information. SRI will con t inue and expand our study with subj ects whose EEG patterns show direct freq uency correlations with the flicker frequency of a remote stimulus. We will determine whether such a (general ly unconscious) perception channel has sufficient reliability to serve as a possible communi-- cation channel . If con tinu ing positive results accrue we will deter!ll ine the effects of shielding and distance on the efficiency of titis channel. 41 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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SRI proposes to provide approxilnately 28 man-months of professional effort with appropriate support toward accoraplishment of the foregoing. Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 (G) (7) The effects or the introduction of persons at the rclnotely viewed target locat ion. s will be investigated to deter:nine possible enhancojnont 01' degradat ion of signal to—noise ratio. In view of the exploratory nature of the program, 15 percent of the effort will be set aside to explore, with the client 's cognizance, avenues of research other than those listed and that may surface clurinU the course of the program . D. Repor ting Schedule Brief monthly progress letters will be deliverecl the tenth day the of each contract month, following the previous month's activity. A final technical report will be delivered 13 months after commencement date of the contract. Th roughout this program the investigators plan to remain in close telephonic conmunication with the client. 42
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 1 V QUALIFICA'I'IONS OF STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE Stanford Research Institute is an independent, nonprofit organiza— t ion performing a broad spectrum of research under con tract to business, Thc Institute, which was forme rly affi liated and government. industry, wi th Stanford University, was founded in 1946. Its operations include the physical and life sciences, industrial and development econcnnics, management systelns, engineering systems, electronics and radio sciences, information science, urban and social systems, and various combinations of disciplines within these fields. Stan ford Research Insti tuto has no endowment; paylnents by clionts under research contracts and grants antount to approxilnately $70 million annually and are used to cover all operating costs. Such revenue also helps the Institute maintain the excellence of its research capabilities. SRI's facilities include more than one million square feet of office and laboratory space and incorporate the most advanced scientific equip— men t, including unique instrumentation developed by the staff. The bulk of these facilities and most of the research staff are located at the Institute's headquarters in Menlo Park, California. Regional office locations include Washington, D. C. New York City; Chicago; Houston; and Los Angeles. Of SRI ts total staff of 2600, approximately one—half arc in profes— sional and technical categories. Some '100 :nembers of the professional staff have Ph . D. or equivalent degrees; 600 others have their Master' s d egree. The proj ect leader and other research personnel who would be active in the proposed work are members of the Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory. This group currently occupies 40, 000 square feet of labora— tory space, divided into many separate laboratory rooms, technicians work areas, a machine shop, and a computer room housing a LINC—8 and related terminals and equipment. In addition, a well—equipped compu ta— t ion center is available. The Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory employs a number of technicians and engineering assistants and has available electronics ma t e rial and test oqu iptnent useful in thc development and testing of Approved For Release 2001103107 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 to the work (le.scri bed in the specially sui ted the teach 1 Jit( Inachines. arc a ntt',ilber of shielded xvi th various ins ta t ion p ropos al available. Final ly, a backup tea:n of psycho logists and statis tic i ans can be brought into the project en an internal counsulting basis . The proposed research will be conducted by SRI staff members WI thin the Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory under the management of Thc principal investigator will be Dr. its clirector, Mr. Earle Jones. Russell Targ, of tho Electronics and Bioengineering Harold Put.•hoff. Laboratory and Dr. Charles Rebert, a neuro-physiologist In SRI's Life Professor Gerold Feinberg Sciences Division will be co—investigators. of Columbia University and Professor Charles Tart of the University of California may be called upon to act as consultants throughout this prog rarn In addi t ion to the scientific personnel direc t ly engaged in the research aspects of this investigation, Stanford Research Institute This board con— has established an internal technical advisöry board. sists of several directors of SRI ts operating divisions, together wi th our legal counsel, all under the chairraanship of the senior vice president It is the function of this advisory board not only to make for research. recommendations and approve or disapprove every new direction taken by the Institute in this research arca but as well. to monitor related ongoing projects Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 EARLE D. JONES, DIRECTOR ELECTRQ\'10S AND BIOENGINEERING LABORATORY INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DIVISION Specialized professional competence Analysis and design of electronic-optical systems; design of television systems; facs imi Ie systems , including bandwidth compression; electro- static printing Representative research assignments at SRI (since .1956) Character generator for high-speed electrostatic printer Delay line scanning techniques High-density photographic recording of television information Bandwidth reduction study for satellite cloud photographs Design of bandwidth reduction system for facs imi Ie Development of communication line equalization system using automatic transversal filters Color facsimile systems with electrostatic printing Design of a new frequency synthesizer Other professional ecperience Student engineer, Boeing Company; microwave airborne radar Designer, Square D. Company; electrical equipment design Academic background B.S. in electrical engineering (1956), Georgia Institute of Technology; M.S. in electrical engineering (1958), Stanford University Pub tications and patents MA Versatile Character Generator with Digital Input, 1959 IRE WESCON Conv. Rec. • I 'Character Generator for Digital Computers , t t Etectronics (February 1960) Six patents in electronic circuitry, character generators, frequency synthesizers , and electrostatic printing systems Professionat associations and honors Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Optical Society of America Society for Motion Picture and Television Engineers Eta Kappa Nu Phi Kappa Phi Tau Beta Pi Phi Eta Sigma 45 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
SmliOR RESEAi{CYi ENGINEER
ÆRIUG LABORATORY
lcs
AND ENGINEERING
v,ged pro Pessionat competence
Tunable laser research and development; quantum electronics; electron
beam devices; biofeedback and biomeasurement research
F.evrescntative research assignments
• Development of tunable ultraviolet laser source for pollut ion studies
and medical research
Development of high-power tunable infrared laser source (50-250 microns)
for materials research
Assessment of potential of fiber optics and lasers for use in optical
comouters
Development of biofeedback monitors (GSR) for use in educational com-
puters and other man-machine links
Research and development in biofield measurements
Other professional experience
•
Research associate, Hansen Laboratories of Physics and lecturer,
Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University (1967-71) ;
teaching, textbook author, and research supervisor of Ph.D. candidates
i n the area of lasers and nonlinear optics
Consultant on application of • lasers to industrial and medical problems
research assistant, Stanford University (1963-67)
USNR (1960-63);
in-house research and contract monitoring on DoD
(r:SA) contracts concerned with the development of ultra high-speed
( GHz) computers
Research engineer, Sperry Electronic Tube Division and Sperry Fellow ,
University of Florida (1958-60); design and testing of electron beam
focusing systems for use in microwave tubes
background
(1958) and M. S.E. (1960), University of Florida; Ph.D 1 n
electrical engineering (1967), Stanford University
zeations and patents
• Coauthor of textbook, Fundamentals of Quantwn E (ectronics,
Wiley ;
2 reference book contributions; 23 papers In professional
journals ;
114 national symposium papers; numerous technical reports
2 patents
- ess-vonat associations and honors
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; Sigma T au;
Phi
Kappa Phi; Phi Eta Sigma; Sigma Xi
46
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 PCBLICATIO.NS OF HAROLD E. PUTIIOFF "A Theoretical Study of Ion Plasma Oscilla— Pe tcrson and E'. Puthoff, w, w. IRE Elect. Devices, vol. ED-6, p. 372 (1959). t ions, H. E. Puthoff, ' 'Crossed—Field Focus Ing of a Hollow Cylindrical Electron Beam, M.S. Thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (Januexy 1960). "On the Use of Periodic Electrostatic Focusing In A. D. Sutherland et a 1. , presented at Int. Congress on Microwave Tubes, Munich, West Germany Klystrons, (June 1960). Also presented at 18th Conf. on Electron rmlbe Regearch, Seattle, Washington (June 1960) • H. E. Puthoff, t' Design of a Crossed—Field Electron Gun, presented at 18th Conf. on Electron embe Research, Seattle, Washington (June 1960). "Scaling Matrix for the Analog Computer," NSA Tech. Jour., Vol. H. E. Puthoff, 7 (1962). J. T. Tippet t and H. E. Puthoff, "The Status of Optical Logic Elements for Pasadena, Cali— Proc. Pacific Computer Conf., Nanosecond Computer Systems 1963). Also published In NSA Tech. Jour., vol. 8 (1963). forni a (March R. H. Pan tell, and B. G. Huth, "Tunability of the Raman Laser, 11. E. Puthoff, J. Appl. Phys. , vol. 37, p. 860 (1966). R. H. Pantell Mode Coupling in an External Raman Resonator et a l. , Appl. Phys 9, p. 104 (1966). IÆtters, Vol. "Characteristics of the Stimulated Raman Effect in an external B. G. Huth ct ale, Resonator," Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. on Microwave and Optical Generation and Amplification, Cambridge, England (September 1966). "Q Quantitative Study of the Stimulated Raman Effect Using an Off— Axis Resonator, IEEE J. Quant. Elect. , vol. QE-2, p, 763 (1966). t 'Theoretical and Experimental Values for TIVO, Three, and Four R. Pantell et al., Photon Absorptions, J. Chem. Phys. , vol. 46, p. 3507 (1967). E. Puthoff et a 1. , "Near—Forward Ratnan Scattering In LINbO J. Appl. Phys. , vol. 39, p. 2144 (1968). H. E. Puthoff, "The Stimulated Raman Effect and Its Application as a lilnable Laser Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, California (June 1967). R. Pantell, G. Soncini, and E. Puthoff, Stimulated Photon—Electron Scattering," J. Gelbwachs Letters, Vol. IEEE J. et al., 14, p. Quant. Elect. , vol. QE-4, p. 903 (1968). A Stimulated Raman Oscillator, Appl. Phys. 258 (1969). 47 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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vol. 43, p. 3251 (1971). J. Appl. Phys. , D. L. Hecht et a 1. , "Dye Lasers With Ultrafast vol. QE-8, p. 15 (1972). Elect. , Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Efficient Tunable Optical Emission from NiNb03 without J. M. Yarborough et ale, Letters, vol. 15, p. 102 (1969). Appl. Phys. a Resonator, A New Source of Tunable Optical ancl Infrmred Radiation, S. S, Sussman et a 1. , Proc. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn International SYInp05 turn of Sub.milllmeter Waves, New York, New York (March 1960). Power and Linewidth of Plünable Stimulated Far IR Emission B. C. Johnson et al. Appl. Phys. Letters, Vol. 18, p. 181 (1970). in LINb03, t IS timulated Raman and Polariton Scattering in LI IO E. Amzallag et a 1. , Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Transverse Flow, IEEE j. Quant, H. Pantell, H. Put hoff and R. Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, Mir Publi shing House, Moscow, Fundamentals of New York, 1969), 1972. 48 Quantum Electronics (John Published in Russian by
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 RESEARCH ANALYST SCIENCE LABOPu1TORY cz AND ENGINEERING DIVISION a-pectattzed professionat competence Author of mathematics textbooks; curricula developer and author of computer-assisted instruction courses Representative research assignments at SRT Survey and analysis of instructional technology for ARPA • Development of curricula for Educational Laboratory at SRI Organized a continuing regional seminar on computer-assisted instruction Other professionat ecperience Mathematics teacher for secondary school students, elementary school students, and teachers Participated in development of elementary school mathematics. text- book series Sets and Nwnbers Writer-in-chief for computer-assisted instruction project to teach mathematics at Brentqood (elementary) School Project leaden, curriculum author of project to teach computer pro- gramming to ghetto high school students via computer—assisted instruction • Research associate, Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Science, Stanford University (1963-71) AeadenÆe background B.A. in mathematics (1962), Middlebury College; M.A.T. in secondary mathematics education (1963), Harvard University Pw3 Zi cations Coauthor, junior-high school textbook series Sets, Nurnberg, and Sys terns , • "CAI for Elementary Cornputer Programming: SIMPER, LOGO, and BASIC," Technical Report, Stanford University; coauthor of several SRI reports 49 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 :
? S U? r R VISOR
profe.ssi.onat ccr:petcnee
CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
Phys iological psychology, eseecially the relationships between electro-
physioloav and behavior; DC potentials; single and au It i ple units ;
animal behavior; electrical and chemical 'Drain stimulation; experi-
mental design and statistics
Representative research assignments at SRT (since
• of human EEG laboratory
• Development of mosquito olfaction laboratory
Studies on DC potentials in humans, monkeys ,
Spreading depression in the brain
Olfactory-trigeminal interactions
DC and multiple unit responses
Electrophys iology of paranormal perception
Other professionat e:cperience
1068)
and cats
Research assistant, Division of EEG and Neurophysiology, Department
of Psychiatry, The University of Iowa
• Instructor, University of California Extension; courses included
Introductory Psychology; The Electrical Activity of •the brain; Man
and i {is Brain: A Survey
Academic background
A.B. (1961) ånd M.A. (19610 in psychology, San Diego State College;
Ph.D. in physiological psychology (1968), the Univers Ity of Iowa
Pub i ications
• Author of 22 scientific publications
Professional, associations
American EEG Society
• Ileuroscience Society
50
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the • Contingent (1966). Ney: at ive Robert, D. Drain Related to (1967). Related to In terst inul us Interval vol. 5, pp. 3,19-358 (1969) . P svchonh.vs iol nx y , J. Kaplan and C. S. Rebert, The Effect or Pressurized Air in Establishing Discri:ninative Response Suppress ion in Stump—Tai led Macaques, Behavior Research Methods and Ins t rumen ta— vol. 6, pp. 262-263 (1959). D. C. and Mul tiple Unit Recording in Lateral Geniculate Body of the Cat, •t Rebert, . \ •aerican Psychn10Æ.ica1 Association Convention, Vol. 77, pp. 215—216 (1969) . Rebe rt and D. A. Irwin, Slov.' Potential Changes in Cat Brain During Appetitive and a.s.sical Condi t ion ing of Jaw Movement, Elect.roonceph. Cl in. Neuroph_vsiol . Cl 152-161 (1969). 27, DP. D. A. and C. S. Rebert, Slow Potential Changes in Cat Brain During Classical t ion, Pt•oe . Vol . Appetitive Conditioning of Jaw Movement Using Two Levels of Reward. Electroenceph. C lin. 119-126 (1970). vol. 28 pp. Neu i 01. Spread ing Dep ression in Squirrel Monkey Lissencephalic Co rte.x, C. S. Rebert, ant! v . Vol. 5, Rebert, and J. Contingent Negative (1970). II. Stone and C. vol. Research , C. S. Rebert, 'The Effect of Reaction Time Feedback on Reaction Timo and Contingent Negative 334-339 (1972). P svchophv;iologv, Vol. 9, pp. Variation, Cort ical and Subcortical Slov.' Potentials in the Monkey's Brain During a C. S. Rebert, vol. 33, pp. 389-402 (1972). Prepa ra tory Interval, Elect roencoph. C I in. Neu rophv«iol . D. Davis and C. S. Rebe r t, J. Econ. En tornol . , ..:osquito nraetz and C. S. Ro bc ) t G. T. Stc,i. Premotor Cortex of Monkeys Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 PUBLIC..\T OF LES REBERT R. Knott. Negative McAd arn . and C. S. Rebert, V a ria t ion, Elcctyoenc.oph. C lin. c. Knott, Motiva t tonal terrtlnants of Neu rophvsiol. vol. 21, pp. 5.38-543 Conative Control of the Con— I rxvin, Variat ion, S. Rebert, and J , R. Elect roonceph. C.' E n . 15-1-155 (1966). Neu rophysiol, Vol. 21, pp . I rwin McAdam. J. R. Knott, w. Level of Ntotivation, and D. Comp . Slow Potential Change In Human Physiol. Psychol., vol. 63, pp. 20-23 R. Knott, and C. S. Rebert, Cortical Slow Potential Changes in Man anci to Pre—Trial l) rediction of Interstimulus Interval, pp. 2.39-241 (1970). The Vertex Non—Specific Evoked Potential R. Knott, Variation, E I ect roenceph . Cl in. Neu rophysiol. vol . and Latency of 28, pp. 561-565 S. 21, Observations on Olfactory and Trigeminal Interactions, Rebert , Brain pp. 138-142 (1970). ' 'F, lcments of 01 factory Receptor Cod in the Yei low vol. Ph 1058-1061 (1972). G.5 pp. Pos t —Rei h forcement Changes of Steady Potent Fever in , i 01. Beha v. Vol. 51 9, pp. 759-77?. (1973).
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vol. 34, pp. (1973) . C. S. Robert So:ne El Qinents of a General Cerebral System Related t o C.NV Genesis W. C. .McCallum anti J. R. Knott (eds.), Event Rola ted S 10'.v Poten t i a I '3 of the Brain: Relation to Behavior, Ams te I'd : Elsevier (1973, in press) . Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 ancl K. G. Spe :Sub jective and ih'.gpcynse —Rel a t cd i nan ts of C.XV' it ude P svchophvs in I vol. IO, pp. 1.39-1-141 (1973). C. S. Rebert, A Techni (l ttQ for S i Ellul taneous Mea su rement of a 11<1 Mul tiple Unit Responses Elect roenceph. C I in. Neu roph,vs.tol.. , vol. 3-1, pp. 3•-u-32G (1973). Rebert and D. A. Simple Electrode Confi guration for Chronic or Acute Record— ing of Potentials from Subcortical Nuclei of the Brain. Electroenceph. Cl in. Neuroph y s iol . Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 The i r C. S. Rebert and J. J. Teece, A Summary of CNV and Reaction Time, in W. C. McCallum and J. R. Knott (eds.), Event Related Slow Potentials of the Brain: Their Relation to Behavior, i Ams te rdam : Elsevier (1973, in press) . C. S. Rebert, Further Analysis of CNV and React ton Tiine, Abstract (1973, in press) . Elect roenceph . Cl in. Neurophysiol. C. S. Rebert, Slow Potential Correlates of Neuronal Population IResponses in the Cat's Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, Elect roenceph. C I in. rophvsiol . vol. .35, pp. 511-515 (1973). C. S. Rebert, Slow Po ten tial Changes in the Monkey's Brain During Reaction Time Foreperiod, in W. C. McCall tun and J. R. Knott (eds.) Third Constress on Event Related Slow Potentials (1974, in press). C. S. Rebert, G. T. Pryor, and J. Schaeffor, Slou• Cortical Potential Consequence of Electroconvulsive Shock in Rats, Phvsiol. Behav. (1974, in press). C. S. Rebert, R. Berry, and J. Merlo, DC Potent Lal Consequences of Induced Muscle Tension: F. f f ecte on Contingent Negative Variat ion, in W. C. McCallum and J. R. Knott (eds.) Third Congress on Event Relatcd Slow Potentials (1974 in press) . 52
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 C. S. rt and K. G. Sperry, Subjective and Response—Relatcd Dot e rtn i nan ts of CNV P svehophyq io 1 it udo Vol . IO, pp. 139-1 (1973). A •rechnique for Simul tancous Measurement of and .Mul tiple Unit Responses, Elec t rnenceph. C. ! in. Neu rophys . vol. 3-1, pp. 32-1-326 (1973). C. S. Rebert and D. A. I rwin, Simple Electrode Configuration for Chronic or Acute Record— of rx: Potentials from Subcortical Nuclei of thc Drain," Electroenceph. Clin. Neurophysiol . C. S. Rebert, Some Elements of a General Ce rebral System Related to CS V Genesis C .'.:cC'a11um and J. R. in Knott (eds.) Event Ro! a ted Slow Potentials of the Brain: Thoi r Relation to nvior, Ajns Cerci am: Elsevier ( 973, in press). C. S. Rebert and J. J. Teece, "A Summary of NV and Reaction Time, in W. C. McCallum and J. R. Knott (eds.), Event Rela ted Slow Poten i als of the Brain: Their Relation to Behavior, A,'ns terciam: Elsevier (1973, in press). Rebert, t' Further Analysis of CNV and R action Time, Electroenceph. C lin. Neurophys iol . Abstract (1973, in press) . C. S. Rebert, Slow Potential Correlates of euronal Population Responses in the Cat's La teral Geniculate Nucleus, E lec t roenceph . lin. Neurophysiol. , vol. 35, pp. 511-513 (1973). C. S. Rebert, Slow Poten tial Changes in the Monkey's Brain During Reaction Time Foreperlod, in W. C. McCallum and J. R. Knott (cds.) Thi Congress on Event Rela ted Slow Potentials (1974, in press). C. S. Rebert, G. T. Pryor, and J. Schaeffor, Slow Cortical Potential Consequence of Electroconvulsive Shock in Rats Physiol. Be lav. (1974, in press) . C. S. Rebert, R. Berry, and J. Merlo, "DC Pot ntial Consequences of Induced Muscle Tension: Effects on Contingent Negative Variation, In W. C. McCal lum and J. R. Knott (eds.) Third Concress on Event Related Slow Potentials (19 't, In press) . 52 Approved For Release 2001/03/ 7 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/ 7 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 TARG RESEARCH PHYSIC ELECTRONICS AND BIOENGINEERIllG LABOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Specialized professional competence TORY • Development of new gas lasers • FM laser and supermode laser techniques ; laser noise reduction; optical modulation and demodulation; experi- ments in new gaseous laser media; microwave diagnostic techniques; microwave generation from plasmas Professional ecperience Sylvania Corporation (1962-72); investigation of techniques for development of new gas lasers, making use of his research with corn- pact, self-contained multi-kilowatt C02 lasers Technical Research Group (19 59-62); experiments in new gaseous laser media Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn; assisted in the establishment of the Electron Beam Laboratory Sperry Gyroscope Company, Electron Tube Division (19 56-59); experi- mental work in microwave generation from plasmas; early work in the technology of ultrahigh-vacuum and ion-pump design Academic background B.S. in physics (1954), Queens College, New York; graduate work in physics (19 54—56), Columbia University, New York Pub tications and inventions • Author of ttOpticaI Heterodyne Detection of Microwave-Modulated Light , i' Proc. IEEE (1964); coauthor of numerous articles on lasers and plasma osc illat ions Invention of the tunable plasma oscillator at microwave frequencies Professional associations and honors IEEE; American Physical Society; The Optical Society of America • Awarded the position of research associate with the Polytechnic Insti- tute of Brooklyn 53 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : o. CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 PUBLICATIONS OF RCSSELL TARG R. Targ and L. P. Lev ine, Backward-Wave Oscillat Lons Electron Beam and a Ilycirogen Gas Plasl?la, J. of Appl. 731-737 (April 1961). pp. Targ, "Observat ions of P Lasma and E t ten berg and R. M. in a Sys tem Composed of an vol. 32, No. 4, Phvs. Cyclotron Oscillations, Proc. of thc Symposium on Electronic Wavegu icles, Polytechnic Ins titute of Brooklyn, New York (April 8—10, 1958) . Ilonodyne De tection of Phase— P. Rabinowitz, S. Jacobs, R. Targ, and G. Gou ld, Modu lated Light, " Proc. IRE, vol. 50, No. 11 (November 1962). "Enhancement in Mercury—Krypton ar,d Xenon—Krypton Gaseous G. Grosof and R. Targ, Appl. Optics, vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 299-302 (March 1963). Discharges, R. Targ, ' 'Optical He terodyne Detection of Microwave—Modulated Light, Proc. IEEE (Correspondence ) , pp. 303-304 (March 1964). R. Targ, D. E. Caddes, and B. Experimental Analysis, 16-1-170 (April 1964). J. McMurtry, "The Travel Ing—Wave Phototube. Part IEEE Trans. on Electron Dev ices, Vol. ED—II, pp. S. E. Harris and R. Targ, FM Oscillation of the Hc—Ne Laser Letters, Vol. 5, No. IO, pp. 202—204 (15 November 1964 ) . App. Phys. R. Targ, G. A. Massey, and S. E. Harris, Laser Frequency I at Ion by Means of Electro-Optic Coupling Control, " Proc. IEEE (correspondence), Vol. 52, No. 1247-1248 (October 1964). 10, PP. R. Targ and W. D. Bush, "Automatic Frequency Control of a Laser Local Oscillator for the fle terodyne Detection of Microwave—Modula ted Light, Appl. Optics, Vol. pp. 523-1527 (December 1965). 11, Massey, M. K. t:sing the FM Laser, 1965). Oshman, and R. Tar g, Appl. Phys. Letters, Generation of Single—Frequency Light pp. 10—11 (January vol. 6, No. 1. Single—Frequency Light from an Argon FM Laser, L. M. Oster ink and R. Targ, Appl. Phys. Let ters, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 115-117 (February 1967). Proc. IEEE, vol. 55, Stabilization of a He—Ne Lasor, R. Targ, and J. M. French, No. 7, pp. 1185-1192 (July 1967). "Single—Frequency Light Using the Super—Mode Tech— L. M. Oster ink and R. Targ, Proc. of the Symposium on Modern Optics, Poly— niquc with an Argon FM Laser, technic R. Targ Laser R. Targ Lasers Institute of Brooklyn, New York (March 22—24, 1967). Frequency Stabilization and Quieting of the FM and L. M. Oster ink, 1967 Convention Record, San Fr ancisco, California. btode— Locked Qu let ing of the Poe—Ne and Argon and J . M. Yarborough, pp. (l January 1968). Phys. Letters, Vol. 12, No. I, Appl. 54 Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
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Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5 D. E. Caddes, L. M. Oster Ink, and 12, No. Appl. Phys. Letters, Vol. R. Targ, J. M. Yarborough, and J. Suppression In the Argon FM Laser 644-6-18 (October 1968). 3, Mode—Locking of the CO Laser, Targ , pp. 74-76 (1 February 196B). French, Freq uency Stabilizat Lon and Noige Vol. QE-.'I, pp. IEEE J. of Quant. Elect.) ' 'Kllowatt CO Gag—Tro.nsport Laser, W. D. Tiffany, R. Targ, and J. D. Foster, Appl. Phys. Letters, Vol. 15, No. 3 (1969). W. B. Tiffany, and R. Tar g, ' 'The Gas—Transport Laser—A New Class of Yligh—Power Laser Focus, pp. "18—50 (September 1969). Electro-Optic Devices, R. Targ and W. B. Tiffany, f 'Gain and Saturation in Transverse Flowing CO N Ile Appl. Phys. Letters, Vol. 15, No. 9 (1 November 1969). Mixtures, S. E. Schwarz, T. A. High Pressure Pulsed Xenon Lager, deTemp1e, and R. Targ, 17, No. 7 (1 October 1970). Appl. Phys. Letters, Vol. R. Targ, and W. B. Tiffany, ' 'An Investigation of Tellurium for J. D. Taynai, Freq uency l)oubling wi th C02 Lasers, vol. QE-7 IEEE J. of Quant. Elect. , (8 August 1971). Targ and M. W. Sasnett, R. High Repetition Rate Xenon Laser with Transverse IEEE J. of Quant. Elect. , E.xcitation, vol. QE-8, pp. 166-169 (February 1972). Xenon—fleILutn Laser at iligh Pressure and bligh Repeti-• R. Targ and M. W. Sasnett, t Ion Rate, Appl. Phys. I.Rtters, Vol. 19, No. 12 (15 December 1971). R. Targ, 'i Pulsed Nitrogen Laser at High Repetition Rate, IEEE J. of Quant. Elect. , vol. QE-8, pp. 726-728 (August 1972). R. Targ and D. Hurt, Learning Clairvoyance and Precognition with an Extragensory Perception Teaching Machine, Parapsychology Rev Lew, pp. 9—11 (July 1972). Approved For Release 2001/03/07 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000700100001-5
Record
- Author / institution
- H. E. Puthoff and R. Targ, Stanford Research Institute; released by CIA
- Date
- 1973-10-01
- Source type
- Declassified CIA record (STAR GATE collection)
- Used for
- Section II.A.2, client-supplied coordinates: the West Virginia site sessions by Swann (29-30 May 1973, pp. 10-11) and Price (1 June 1973 at Menlo Park, written report 2 June, pp. 11-13). Hosted on this site (archive.org mirror of the reading-room PDF).
- Limitations
- A contractor's funding proposal; it does not name the site or its operator, and some pages are marked missing. Other copies: CIA-RDP96-00787R000200210001-8, CIA-RDP96-00791R000100420002-0.
Link
https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00787r000700100001-5